Basic Participle Rules
1. Present Participle (endings like leo)
| meaning | Nominative Singular | Accusative Singular | Nom./Acc. Plural |
| carrying | portans | portantem | portantes |
| mittens | |||
| audiens |
2. Perfect Passive Participles - the Fourth Principal Part (endings like servus and puella)
| meaning | Nominative Singular (m/f) | Accusative Singular (m/f) | Nominative Plural (m/f) |
| having been carried | portatus/portata | portatum/portatam | portati/portatae |
| missus | |||
| auditus |
3. Perfect Active Participles - "Deponent" Verbs (endings like servus and puella)
| meaning | Nominative Singular (m/f) | Accusative Singular (m/f) | Nominative Plural (m/f) |
| having followed | secutus/secuta | secutum/secutam | secuti/secutae |
| locutus | |||
| egressus |